Social Capital and Information Flow in Decision Making: A Social Network Analysis of Actors in a Road Expansion Project in Kristiansand, Norway

Abstract

Information sharing is crucial for decision-makers to enhance their capacity and influence in local decision-making. However, the mechanisms of information flow among different actors in local decision-making for urban transport are not well understood. This paper utilises social capital theory and social network analysis to investigate how actors control and share information based on their position in the decision network. The position of individuals in the network is critical to understanding how they receive and share information, as well as their influence on the decision-making process. Data were collected from documents and interviews with 28 participants in the decision-making process for a road expansion project in Kristiansand Municipality, Norway. These data formed the basis for conducting a social network analysis (SNA) of two networks, focusing on meeting and information sharing among participants. The results reveal centralised networks around four main actors with the highest centralities—two planners and two politicians. The social connections and resources among those involved in the project expose imbalances and internal dynamics not solely attributed to the structure of the decision-making process. The findings have implications for local decision-making. Understanding the centralities of actors allows decision-makers to identify key influencers and opinion leaders. It is also helpful for comprehending communication and collaboration barriers among decision-makers and developing strategies to overcome these barriers.