A Study of Change Management and IT Architecture in Cloud Migration Projects

Abstract

This thesis mainly examines how the role of change management can impact cloud migration efforts in organizations. Additionally, it investigates the effect of cloud migration on IT architecture within companies. The thesis seeks to respond to the following research problem and research questions:

Research problem: How does change management influence the migration process to cloudbased solutions and how is the IT architecture impacted in the migration process?

Research question 1: How does change management influence the migration process to cloud-based solutions?

Research question 2: How does migrating to cloud solutions affect IT architecture?

Research question 3: How can the involvement of a change manager enhance the success of cloud migration projects?

Drawing on interviews conducted with cloud experts from different organizations, the thesis offers insights into the impact of change management on cloud migration initiatives and presents recommendations for management and change managers. While organizations often see the transition to cloud environments as rational and beneficial, individuals within these organizations may find it threatening and overwhelming. This can lead to disagreements and hierarchal tension. In such cases, the role of a change manager becomes pivotal. They have the tools to reduce resistance and turn it into constructive engagement.

To address the research questions, we conducted 14 qualitative interviews with various IT experts experienced in cloud migration, change management and IT architecture. These interviews helped identify various aspects pertinent to the role of the change manager and the overall migration process.

The study identifies financial considerations, modernization needs, and the demand for flexibility and scalability as primary drivers for cloud migration. It highlights the significant architectural changes required during the migration process, emphasizing the need to consider existing IT architecture, address technical debt, and maintain technical competence when modifying said architecture. Additionally, the importance of addressing both technical and organizational challenges is discussed. Effective change management is found to be crucial in overcoming resistance and ensuring successful project outcomes. Key strategies for change managers include meticulous planning, fostering a supportive organizational culture, utilizing resistance mitigation strategies, and implementing robust communication practices.

While existing studies have underscored change management as a success factor during cloud migration endeavors, scant research delves into the practical implementation of change management strategies in cloud migration. This thesis aims to fill this gap by offering a comprehensive pathway for successful cloud migration by utilizing change management. By leveraging these recommendations, organizations can effectively navigate the challenges inherent in cloud migration projects.